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Resize an image to an exact file size

Some forms do not ask for "small" — they ask for under 240 KB, or under 100 KB, and reject anything over by a single byte. There are two ways to get there and only one of them keeps the document readable.

The short answer. File size is driven by pixel count first and JPEG quality second. To hit a hard target on a document, reduce the resolution to what a reader actually needs and keep quality high — the opposite of what most tools do.

Why lowering the quality slider is the wrong lever

JPEG compresses by discarding fine detail. On a photograph you do not notice, because a face has no detail smaller than a few pixels that anyone is reading. On a document, the fine detail is the content: the difference between a comma and a period, between 3 and 8, between an accent and a speck of dust. Push the quality slider down far enough to hit 100 KB and the numbers stop being legible before the file stops being big.

Cutting the resolution instead removes pixels evenly. Text stays crisp — just smaller — until you go below roughly 150 DPI, at which point small print starts to break up.

Common targets and what they mean in pixels

TargetWhere it comes fromRealistic approach
240 KBDS-160 visa photo600×600 JPEG at high quality fits easily
100 KBMany university and visa portalsAround 1000 px on the long edge
50 KBOlder government formsBitonal for text; colour rarely fits well
2 MBJob application portalsFull 300 DPI page fits comfortably

Bitonal: the one big lever for text

A page of text converted to pure black and white — one bit per pixel instead of twenty-four — routinely drops 90% or more, with the letters sharper than the greyscale original. It is the right choice for a typed form, a letter or a statement. It is the wrong choice for anything with a photograph, a coloured seal, a signature in blue ink or a security watermark, because one-bit output has nowhere to put those.

Check the number after the export, not before. "Quality 60" does not predict a file size — the same setting produces wildly different sizes depending on how much detail the page contains. A shadowed photo of a page can be four times the size of a clean one at identical settings, because compression spends its budget describing the shadow.

Set a KB target and let the file land under it

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